What is your attitude to hypnosis as a whole and to hypnosis in medicine?
Task 1. Look the text through and choose the best title for it.
1.
Medical
Control of Your Teeth
2.
Dental
Treatment
3.
Dental
Hypnosis
Dental Hypnosis and hypnosis is described as a state of mind which is
induced to tap into the unconscious mind - the seat of all our memories and
experiences - and essentially turn off the fears and concerns that exist in the
conscious mind.
For many years hypnosis was condemned
as unscientific by the medical profession. However, it is now recognized as an
appropriate technique in helping people overcome phobias, fears and obsessive
compulsive disorders.
Dental surgeons use hypnosis as a tool to relax their patients, allay the main
fears of the drill and needles, and relieve the general anxiety of going to the
dentist. It can have some analgesic (pain-relieving) effect because the more
anxious the patient, the more he/she feels dental pain. It can also be used to
solve other problems: gagging, excessive salivation, blood flow and
teeth-grinding.
Dental treatments of high dental anxiety patients under hypnotic
conditions were investigated. Time need of main hypnotic events like rapport;
induction: deepening; calming: developing imagination; dehypnosis; discussion
was measured. Total time was significantly higher than pure dental treatment
time, but the time the patients percepted was significantly less thаn total, even somewhat less thаn pure dental treatment time.
In the literature, authorities have been urging caution
in the use of hypnosis for over 100 years. In 1887 Bjornstrorn cautioned of the
possible injuries and fatal effects.
Weitzenhoffer warned about
special care in avoiding the adverse effects of hypnosis and related those to
the “competency and integrity of the practitioner”. Also, Weizenhoffer warned against
inappropriate symptom removal “before symptoms are suggested away some of the
functions they serve should be determined”.
Numerous mild side effects occur during a hypnotic
induction and at times these mild reactions might also occur following a post
hypnotic suggestion.
The most common of these side
effects during the induction could be the increase of anxiety frequently
related to fears of loss of control and excessive crying and sobbing. At times
patients feel dizzy and develop various degrees of nausea during the induction.
Spontaneous regression to a traumatic event or period of life, although rare,
does happen.
Most of the side effects can
usually be alleviated quickly by discontinuing the induction or by proceeding
with the induction and usually the side effects will disappear as the hypnotic
state deepens.
Task 2. Write out "international words".
Task 3. Write out word combinations which include the following words: «dental», «mind», «effect», «excessive». Translate these word combinations into Russian.
Task 4. Find in the text paronymous words and try to translate them without a dictionary using your knowledge about word formartion.
а) –ic, -ous, -ive - suffixes of adjectives
б) –tion, -ment – suffixes of nouns
в) –ly – suffixes of adverbs
essential (adj) - основной induct (v) - вводить
science (n) - наука imagine (v) – воображать,
представлять
anxiety (n) - тревога, боязнь discuss (v) - обсуждать
excess (n) - чрезмерность significant (adj) - значительный
hypnosis (n) - гипноз treat (v) – лечить
Task 5. Find in the text opposites to the following words: «conscious», « scientific», «hypnosis», « after», «decrease», «often»
Task 6. Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word combinations.
1.
состояние рассудка
(разума)
2.
неосознанное состояние
3.
гасить страхи
и беспокойства
4.
фобии, страхи и навязчивые маниакальные
расстройства
5.
подавить основные
страхи
6.
обезболивающий
эффект
7.
позывы к рвоте, избыточное слюноотделение, скрежет зубов
8.
введение в
гипноз
9.
чрезмерный плач
и рыдания
10. чувствовать головокружение
Task 7. Look the text through again and say if the statements are true or false.
1.
The main aim
of dental hypnosis is to allay the fears and concerns connected with dental
pain and treatment.
2.
The more
anxious the patient, the less he feels dental pain.
3.
Authorities
have been warning about possible injuries and adverse effects of hypnosis.
4.
The most common side effect during the
induction is the decrease of control and sobbing.
5.
The side
effects can appear with the deepening of the hypnotic state.
Task 8. Give a title for each paragraph of the text.
Task 9. Find in the text sentences with the Passive Voice and translate them into Russian.
Task 10. Write out the sentences about dental hypnosis application and its side effects. Translate these sentences into Russian.
Task 11. Give your account of the article using the following cliche:
The article is devoted to the problem of …
The reasons why …
The studies have shown that …
From science articles on this theme we know that …
In the conclusion it is said …
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