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Hypnosis theory and practice

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Dentistry

My dear Friends,
What is your attitude to hypnosis as a whole and to hypnosis in medicine?

Task 1. Look the text through and choose the best title for it.

1.      Medical Control of Your Teeth

2.      Dental Treatment

3.      Dental Hypnosis

            Dental Hypnosis and hypnosis is described as a state of mind which is induced to tap into the unconscious mind - the seat of all our memories and experiences - and essentially turn off the fears and concerns that exist in the conscious mind.

For many years hypnosis was condemned as unscientific by the medical profession. However, it is now recognized as an appropriate technique in helping people overcome phobias, fears and obsessive compulsive disorders.

            Dental surgeons use hypnosis as a tool to relax their patients, allay the main fears of the drill and needles, and relieve the general anxiety of going to the dentist. It can have some analgesic (pain-relieving) effect because the more anxious the patient, the more he/she feels dental pain. It can also be used to solve other problems: gagging, excessive salivation, blood flow and teeth-grinding.

            Dental treatments of high dental anxiety patients under hypnotic conditions were investigated. Time need of main hypnotic events like rapport; induction: deepening; calming: developing imagination; dehypnosis; discussion was measured. Total time was significantly higher than pure dental treatment time, but the time the patients percepted was significantly less thаn total, even somewhat less thаn pure dental treatment time.

            In the literature, authorities have been urging caution in the use of hypnosis for over 100 years. In 1887 Bjornstrorn cautioned of the possible injuries and fatal effects.

Weitzenhoffer warned about special care in avoiding the adverse effects of hypnosis and related those to the “competency and integrity of the practitioner”.  Also, Weizenhoffer warned against inappropriate symptom removal “before symptoms are suggested away some of the functions they serve should be determined”.

            Numerous mild side effects occur during a hypnotic induction and at times these mild reactions might also occur following a post hypnotic suggestion.

The most common of these side effects during the induction could be the increase of anxiety frequently related to fears of loss of control and excessive crying and sobbing. At times patients feel dizzy and develop various degrees of nausea during the induction. Spontaneous regression to a traumatic event or period of life, although rare, does happen.

Most of the side effects can usually be alleviated quickly by discontinuing the induction or by proceeding with the induction and usually the side effects will disappear as the hypnotic state deepens.

 Task 2.  Write out "international words".

 Task 3.  Write out word combinations which include the following words: «dental», «mind», «effect», «excessive». Translate these word combinations into Russian.

 Task 4.  Find in the text paronymous words and try to translate them without a dictionary using your knowledge about word formartion. 

а) –ic, -ous, -ive  - suffixes of adjectives

б) –tion, -ment – suffixes of nouns

в) –ly –  suffixes of adverbs

            essential (adj) - основной                            induct (v) - вводить

            science (n) - наука                                        imagine (v) – воображать, представлять

            anxiety (n) - тревога, боязнь                                   discuss (v) - обсуждать

            excess (n) - чрезмерность                            significant (adj) - значительный

            hypnosis (n) - гипноз                                     treat (v) – лечить

 Task 5.  Find in the text opposites to the following words: «conscious», « scientific», «hypnosis», « after», «decrease», «often»

 Task 6. Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word combinations.

1.      состояние рассудка (разума)

2.      неосознанное состояние

3.      гасить страхи и беспокойства

4.      фобии, страхи и навязчивые маниакальные расстройства

5.      подавить основные страхи

6.      обезболивающий эффект

7.      позывы к рвоте, избыточное слюноотделение, скрежет зубов

8.      введение в гипноз

9.      чрезмерный плач и рыдания

10.  чувствовать головокружение

 Task 7. Look the text through again and say if the statements are true or false.

1.      The main aim of dental hypnosis is to allay the fears and concerns connected with dental pain and treatment.

2.      The more anxious the patient, the less he feels dental pain.

3.      Authorities have been warning about possible injuries and adverse effects of hypnosis.

4.       The most common side effect during the induction is the decrease of control and sobbing.

5.      The side effects can appear with the deepening of the hypnotic state.

  Task 8.  Give a title for each paragraph of the text.

 Task 9. Find in the text sentences with the Passive Voice and translate them into Russian. 

 Task 10. Write out the sentences about dental hypnosis application and its side effects. Translate these sentences into Russian.

 Task 11. Give your account of the article using the following cliche:

The article is devoted to the problem of …

The reasons why …

The studies have shown that …

From science articles on this theme we know that  …

In the conclusion it is said …